{"id":993,"date":"2025-11-10T08:42:43","date_gmt":"2025-11-10T08:42:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jperez.inscastellbisbal.net\/?page_id=993"},"modified":"2025-11-11T09:31:51","modified_gmt":"2025-11-11T09:31:51","slug":"acces-remot","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/jperez.inscastellbisbal.net\/index.php\/acces-remot\/","title":{"rendered":"Acc\u00e9s remot"},"content":{"rendered":"
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1. Configuraci\u00f3 de l’Acc\u00e9s SSH<\/h3>\n

Primer s’ha instal\u00b7lat el servidor SSH amb la seg\u00fcent comanda:<\/p>\n

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sudo apt update\nsudo apt install openssh-server\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Despr\u00e9s s’ha editat l’arxiu de configuraci\u00f3:<\/p>\n
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Bash<\/span><\/p>\n
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sudo nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Dins de l’arxiu s’han buscat les seg\u00fcents l\u00ednies i s’han modificat perqu\u00e8 quedessin aix\u00ed:<\/p>\n
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Fragmento de c\u00f3digo<\/span><\/p>\n
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PermitRootLogin no\nPasswordAuthentication yes\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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En el meu cas, originalment la l\u00ednia estava aix\u00ed: #PermitRootLogin prohibit-password<\/code> El que s’ha fet ha estat treure el s\u00edmbol #<\/b> i canviar el valor a no<\/b>, de manera que l’usuari root<\/code> no pugui connectar-se ni amb contrasenya ni amb clau SSH.<\/p>\n
Despr\u00e9s s’han guardat els canvis amb:<\/p>\n
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    Ctrl + O<\/b> per guardar<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
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    Enter<\/b> per confirmar<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
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    Ctrl + X<\/b> per sortir<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    Finalment s’ha reiniciat el servei per aplicar els canvis:<\/p>\n
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    Bash<\/span><\/p>\n
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    sudo systemctl restart ssh\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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    Per provar la connexi\u00f3, s’ha utilitzat aquesta comanda (reempla\u00e7ant amb el meu usuari i la IP real de l’equip):<\/p>\n
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    Bash<\/span><\/p>\n
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    ssh usuari@192.168.1.105\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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    En intentar entrar com a root<\/code>, es va mostrar el missatge Access denied<\/b> (Acc\u00e9s denegat), cosa que confirma que la configuraci\u00f3 funciona correctament.<\/p>\n
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    2. Configuraci\u00f3 de l’Acc\u00e9s Remot RDP (Escriptori Gr\u00e0fic)<\/h3>\n
    Per poder connectar-se a l’entorn gr\u00e0fic de l’equip, s’ha instal\u00b7lat el servidor RDP:<\/p>\n
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    Bash<\/span><\/p>\n
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    sudo apt install xrdp\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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    S’ha activat i engegat el servei:<\/p>\n
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    Bash<\/span><\/p>\n
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    sudo systemctl enable<\/span> xrdp\nsudo systemctl start xrdp\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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    Des d’un altre ordinador, s’ha utilitzat el programa Remmina<\/b> o l’aplicaci\u00f3 de Connexi\u00f3 a escriptori remot<\/b> (a Windows) per connectar-se introduint la IP de l’equip i el nom de l’usuari. L’usuari pot veure el seu propi escriptori durant la sessi\u00f3.<\/p>\n
    Tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s possible que l’usuari vegi exactament la sessi\u00f3 oberta en pantalla usant x11vnc<\/b>:<\/p>\n
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    Bash<\/span><\/p>\n
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    sudo apt install x11vnc\nx11vnc -display :0 -auth guess -forever\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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    3. Documentaci\u00f3 i Exportaci\u00f3<\/h3>\n
    S’han documentat tots els passos anteriors amb text i captures de pantalla. La documentaci\u00f3 inclou:<\/p>\n
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      Objectiu de la pr\u00e0ctica.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
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      Procediment pas a pas amb comandes i explicacions.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
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      Proves de connexi\u00f3 SSH i RDP.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
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      Conclusi\u00f3 sobre la seguretat i funcionalitat de l’acc\u00e9s remot.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      Finalment, s’ha exportat el document en format PDF<\/b> per poder utilitzar-lo en futures tasques o documentaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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      4. Conclusi\u00f3<\/h2>\n
      Amb aquesta configuraci\u00f3, els usuaris normals poden accedir per SSH o RDP, mantres que els usuaris root queda bloquejada per complet. Est\u00e0 majora la seguretat del sistema i facilita les administracions remotes dels equips de l’alumnat.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
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      1. Configuraci\u00f3 de l’Acc\u00e9s SSH Primer s’ha instal\u00b7lat el servidor SSH amb la seg\u00fcent comanda: Bash sudo apt update sudo apt install openssh-server Despr\u00e9s s’ha editat l’arxiu de configuraci\u00f3: Bash sudo nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config Dins de l’arxiu s’han buscat les seg\u00fcents l\u00ednies i s’han modificat perqu\u00e8 quedessin aix\u00ed: Fragmento de c\u00f3digo […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-993","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jperez.inscastellbisbal.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/993","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jperez.inscastellbisbal.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jperez.inscastellbisbal.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jperez.inscastellbisbal.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jperez.inscastellbisbal.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=993"}],"version-history":[{"count":28,"href":"https:\/\/jperez.inscastellbisbal.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/993\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1066,"href":"https:\/\/jperez.inscastellbisbal.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/993\/revisions\/1066"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jperez.inscastellbisbal.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=993"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}